Biology of DNA - Nulceotides
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is the biological molecule that encodes the information required to build the cells and tissues of an organism. Basically DNA makes you, you and the exact duplication of this information from generation to generation is why you frequently hear the comment "Oh you have your father's nose!"
DNA is a complex biological molecule and as such, so is how it is organised. It consists of 2 intertwined strands forming a double helix. Each of the strands is made up of four major individual components called nucleotides. These nucleotides – adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine represented by the letters ‘A’ ‘T’ ‘C’ and ‘G’ respectively, are enough to encode all genetic information in a fashion similar to the Dot/Dash sequence of Morse code. On average Human DNA contains 3.5 billion nucleotides and it is the order of how the different nucleotides are arranged that determines the function of the genes.
There are 100 trillion cells in humans grouped into different types and performing different functions.
However, they all contain DNA which is located within the nucleus (brain) of the cell. This nuclear or genomic DNA as it is referred too contains the genes, estimated to be in the region of 30,000 that make the body function and that make people different.
